Batimetric distribution of soft-bottom macrobenthonic communities on the continental shelf of Guipúzcoa (Bay of Biscay)

Sampling results from 13 soft-bottom station, situated along a transect on the continental shelf off the province of Guipúzcoa (Bay of Viscay), are represented. This transect is 5 m deep at the beginning and 225 m deep at the end. A total of 6 408 individuals belonging to 404 species have been counted, some of them first record for the Iberian fauna. The identified communities have been labelled as follows: Boreal Lusitanian Tellina community, Venus community, Venus fasciata - Spisula elliptica - Branchiostoma community and Amphiura community. In addition to these community descriptions, other fauna observations are also dicussed, such as the location on the continental shelf and various autoecological aspects.En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados correspondientes a 13 estaciones de fondos blandos dispuestas en un transecto que atraviesa la plataforma continental de la provincia de Guipúzcoa. Este transecto se inicia a 5 m y finaliza a 225 m de profundidad. Se han contabilizado 6 408 ejemplares pertenecientes a 404 especies, algunas de las cuales se citan por primera vez para la fauna de la península Ibérica. Cuatro han sido las comunidades identificadas: comunidad boreo-lusitánica de Tellina, comunidad de Venus, comunidad de Venus fasciata - Spisula elliptica - Branchiostoma y comunidad de Amphiura. Se describen además de las anteriores otras asociaciones faunísticas, detallándose su localización en la plataforma continental, así como diversos aspectos relativos a su autoecología.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Structural and temporal evolution of sediments and benthic communities affected by effluents from a sewage outfall in San Sebastian (Guipuzcoa) (Bay of Biscay)

Se muestran los resultados de un estudio destinado a conocer el grado de la afección de los sedimentos y de las comunidades bentónicas de fondos blandos provocada por los vertidos de las aguas residuales de un colector urbano en una demarcación de la costa de San Sebastián. Los datos obtenidos confirman un deterioro variable de las características faunísticas y sedimentarias en función de la proximidad al foco emisor de los vertidos, constatándose la presencia de comunidades propias de medios polucionados en algunas estaciones. A pesar de producirse una afección más o menos constante en algunas estaciones en el transcurso de los muestreos realizados, se observan ciertas diferencias en cuanto a su magnitud, extensión y época del año, lo que parece deberse a la propia dinámica de las especies, por un lado, y, por otro, al régimen local de las corrientes.We present the results of a study on the level of damage to soft-bottom benthic communities caused by the effluents from a sewage outfall on the coast near San Sebastian (northern Spain) . Our results confirm that damage to local faunistic and sedimentologic features varies in relation to their proximity to the outfall, and that communities have developed which are typical of polluted environments. Although this negative impact is more or less constant, in several stations located around the sampling area, we can observe several differiences insofar as magnitude, size, and time of year are concerned. This seems to be due to the dynamics of the species involved, as well as the local currents.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

New data of the genus Boccardia Carazzi, 1893 (Polychaeta: Spionidae) for the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic Ocean

The first record for the Iberian coast and the Atlantic Ocean of two species of polychaetous annelids belonging to the genus Boccardia Carazzi, 1893 (Spionidae) is presented. Boccardia semibranchiata Guérin, 1990 is a recently described species from the Mediteranean Sea, whereas Boccardia proboscidea Hartman, 1940 is a very common species from the Pacific coasts. Both species have been collected in two intertidal zones from San Sebastián (Iberian Peninsula - Bay of Biscay). In the present paper, the collected specimens of both species are described, illustrated and discussed, and notes on their ecology and distribution are included. A simple key for the genus Boccardia for the Atlantic coasts is also provided.Dos especies de anélidos poliquetos pertenecientes al género Boccardia Carazzi, 1893 (Spionidae) se citan por primera vez para la costa de la península Ibérica y aguas del océano Atlántico. Boccardia semibranchiata Guérin, 1990 es una especie descrita recientemente en el mar Mediterráneo, mientras que Boccardia proboscidea Hartman, 1940 es una especie común en las costas del Pacífico. Ambas especies de poliquetos han sido recolectadas en dos zonas intermareales de San Sebastián (península Ibérica - golfo de Vizcaya). En el presente trabajo se realiza una descripción de los ejemplares colectados de ambas especies, se ilustran y se discuten, aportándose, además, notas sobre su distribución y ecología. Complementariamente, se presenta una sencilla clave del género Boccardia para el Atlántico.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Typification of benthic populations of soft bottoms on the Guipuzcoan continental shelf (southeast Bay of Biscay)

The present paper reports on the results obtained from field samplings carried out on the Guipuzcoan con- tinental shelf. Thirty-six stations were sampled in May 2005, at depths ranging from 5-155 m. Bottom samples were obtained with a 0.1 m² Van Veen-type grab and sieved with 1 mm mesh. More than 19000 individuals were identified, belonging to more than 680 species. Nineteen different macrobenthic assemblages were distinguished, based on their species composition, abundance, species richness and habitat preferences. Most of these are very similar to those described in adjacent areas. On a large scale, five major communities were identified in the 36 stations sampled. The Tellina community was found on exposed sandy infralittoral bottoms at depths of 5-15 m; the Venus community on medium and fine sands at 20-50 m; and the Amphiura community in muddy sands and mud, from approximately 50-150 m. By chance, the Maldane community was found on muddy bottoms in the circalittoral area, and the deep Venus community, or Venus fasciata-Spisula elliptica-Branchiostoma described by Thorson (1957), on coarse shell gravel. Bray-Curtis similarity analysis and ecological index suggested that bathymetry and type of sediment are the main factors structuring species' spatial distributions and macrozoobenthic assemblages.Se muestran los resultados de un estudio cuantitativo sobre las comunidades macrobentónicas de los fondos blandos de la plataforma continental de Guipúzcoa (sureste del golfo de Vizcaya). Las muestras fueron recogidas en mayo de 2005 en 36 estaciones, emplazadas a profundidades entre 5 y 155 m, con una draga Van Veen de 0,1 m², y fueron tamizadas empleando malla de 1 mm de luz. Al menos 680 especies distintas fueron identificadas a partir de los más de 19 000 individuos recolectados, y las distribuciones de las mismas han permitido determinar 19 asociaciones bentónicas asimilables en su mayoría a comunidades biológicas clásicas de regiones geográficas próximas. A mayor escala han sido cinco las principales comunidades bentónicas identificadas en el conjunto de estaciones. La comunidad boreal de Tellina empobrecida se localiza en fondos expuestos de arenas medias infralitorales, entre 5 y 15 m; la comunidad de Venus, en arenas medias y finas, entre 20 y 50 m; y la de Amphiura, en arenas fangosas y fangos, desde 50 hasta 150 m aproximadamente. Eventualmente, se encuentra la comunidad de Maldane en fondos fangosos detríticos del circalitoral costero, y la comunidad profunda de Venus o de Venus fasciata-Spisula elliptica-Branchiostoma descrita por Thorson (1957) en las gravas y arenas gruesas que se extienden en zonas bien delimitadas de la plataforma. El análisis de similitud de Bray-Curtis y la aplicación de diversos índices ecológicos apuntan a la batimetría y a la naturaleza del sedimento como los principales factores reguladores de la distribución de las especies en el área estudiada.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Evaluation of the Bond-to-Concrete Properties of GFRP Rebars in Marine Environments

Increased traffic in combination with growing environmental impacts have led to the accelerated degradation of built infrastructure. In reinforced concrete structures, the corrosion of steel reinforcement is the predominant cause of deterioration. Thus, over the last years the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as internal reinforcement bars (rebars) for concrete structures has been evaluated, and has been proved to be a viable alternative to traditional steel reinforcement mainly due to its tensile strength and non-corrosive nature. However, thus far, the GFRP rebar market is diverse and manufacturers around the world produce GFRP rebar types with different surface enhancements to improve the bond to concrete characteristics. In this study, the bond performance of three dissimilar GFRP rebar types (sand coated, helically grooved and with surface lugs) was evaluated over time in seawater environments, with a focus on the bond strength. Accordingly, specimens were exposed to seawater in circulating chambers at three different temperatures (23 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C) for multiple time periods (60 and 120 days). To evaluate the bond performance, pullout tests were conducted according to ASTM D7913. The results showed that the bond strength varied with the surface enhancement features. However, the bond strength did not vary significantly with exposure time and temperature for all three evaluated rebar types.This research was funded by the Florida Department of Transportation under the grant BDV30TW0977-18

Rate and duration of hospitalisation for acute pulmonary embolism in the real-world clinical practice of different countries : Analysis from the RIETE registry

publishersversionPeer reviewe

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice. Results from the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe. Data from real-world registries are necessary, as clinical trials do not represent the full spectrum of VTE patients seen in clinical practice. We aimed to document the epidemiology, management and outcomes of VTE using data from a large, observational database. PREFER in VTE was an international, non-interventional disease registry conducted between January 2013 and July 2015 in primary and secondary care across seven European countries. Consecutive patients with acute VTE were documented and followed up over 12 months. PREFER in VTE included 3,455 patients with a mean age of 60.8 ± 17.0 years. Overall, 53.0 % were male. The majority of patients were assessed in the hospital setting as inpatients or outpatients (78.5 %). The diagnosis was deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in 59.5 % and pulmonary embolism (PE) in 40.5 %. The most common comorbidities were the various types of cardiovascular disease (excluding hypertension; 45.5 %), hypertension (42.3 %) and dyslipidaemia (21.1 %). Following the index VTE, a large proportion of patients received initial therapy with heparin (73.2 %), almost half received a vitamin K antagonist (48.7 %) and nearly a quarter received a DOAC (24.5 %). Almost a quarter of all presentations were for recurrent VTE, with >80 % of previous episodes having occurred more than 12 months prior to baseline. In conclusion, PREFER in VTE has provided contemporary insights into VTE patients and their real-world management, including their baseline characteristics, risk factors, disease history, symptoms and signs, initial therapy and outcomes

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio